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Культурные достопримечательности Ирландии. Дублин. |
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Автор: Гаун Светлана Владимировна
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Предмет: английский язык. Тема: Культурные достопримечательности Ирландии. Дублин. Предлагаемый урок способствует более глубокому овладению языком, развитию творческих навыков и способностей учеников, ориентирует на научно-поисковую исследовательскую деятельность учащихся, развивает интерес к предмету, а также способствует развитию мышления. Чтобы привлечь учащихся к творческой работе, необходимо заинтересовать их темой исследования, научной актуальностью и важностью, получаемых знаний. Материал, данной разработки, предполагает тесную связь страноведческого материала по изучению традиционных особенностей культуры Ирландии с историческим материалом возникновения Христианства в данной стране, изучает историю на конкретных достопримечательностях, способствует духовному совершенствованию и расширению кругозора. На предлагаемых примерах учащиеся учатся уважать традиции и обычаи других народов и оценивать свои. Таким образом, происходит формирование межкультурных компетенций, которые так необходимы при изучении иностранного языка. Работа представляет собой конспект урока «Культурные ценности Ирландии. Дублин». Цель урока: Формирование межкультурной компетенции. Задачи урока:
Ученики при входе в класс получают листочки зеленого цвета с номерами своей команды и садятся за столы соответственно номерам команд. Звучит ирландская музыка. Учитель: Сегодня мы собрались с вами, чтобы познакомиться с достопримечательностями Дублина его историческим местами, а также с одним из главных традиционных праздников этой страны Днем Святого Патрика. Прослушайте небольшой рассказ об истории Дублина, сделайте необходимые записи, которые помогут вам позже правильно решить кроссворд. Обратите внимание на имена и названия, которые прозвучат в рассказе. The History of Dublin.
The History of Dublin provides a history of Dublin City from its beginnings over 1000 years ago. Dublin has now become one of Europe’s most well known cities and is renowned for its beauty, friendliness, and culture and fun.Dublin's official date of establishment was in 988 A.D. although evidence of it's existence dates back to the second century in which it was named Eblana. Norman Vikings were the first settlers of the city, and many artifacts, old walls and buildings have been uncovered on the first site, Wood Quay, in the present City Centre. The town was captured in the 9th century by the Danes. The rebellious Irish wrested control of Dublin from the Danes on a number of occasions during the next three centuries, notably in 1052, 1075, and 1124. In 1171 the Danes were expelled by the Anglo-Normans, led by Henry II, king of England. Until the middle of the 17th century, Dublin remained a small, walled medieval town. But in 1649 After the English Civil Wars the town was taken over by Oliver Cromwell, it had only 9,000 residents at this time and was in a state of shambles. By the end of the 17th century, however, a remarkable growth began with Protestant refugees from the European continent pouring into Dublin. In the course of the next century, Dublin grew enormously in size and wealth and soon became the second city of the British Empire. In 1800 the Act of Union between England and Ireland abolished the Irish Parliament and drastically reduced Dublin's status. A long decline set in that only began to be reversed after Ireland became independent in 1922. This independence came about after the 1916 Rising and the subsequent War of Independence After Independence Dublin became the political, economic, and cultural center of Ireland. Maritime trade has always been one of Dublin's most important activities. Dublin is Ireland's largest port and major exporter. It has also developed into the largest manufacturing city in Ireland, though the factories, aside from breweries and distilleries are engaged primarily in light manufactures. The city's most famous business is the Guinness Brewery, founded in 1759 and one of Ireland's largest employers and exporters. Economic planning efforts have attempted to locate manufacturing plants outside Dublin, and the city has had a dwindling share of manufacturing employment since the early 1960s. The manufacturing and exports of computer hardware and software have recently become a major business. Ireland is now the worlds leading exporter of these. Dublin has an illustrious educational and cultural past. Trinity College, or University of Dublin, founded in 1591, has graduated authors Jonathan Swift, Oliver Goldsmith, and Oscar Wilde. Its library houses the 8th-century 'Book of Kells', the famous decorated gospel book made by Celtic Monks. St. Patrick's Cathedral is the largest church in Ireland. The site of St. Patrick's Cathedral is said to be the earliest Christian site in Ireland, where St. Patrick baptized converts. Dublin was also the location for the premiere of Handel's 'Messiah' in 1742. Famous literary figures to emerge from the city include Richard Brinsley Sheridan, John Millington Synge, James Joyce, Samuel Beckett, William Butler Yeats and George Bernard. The city played a leading role in the revival of Irish language and literature of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This included the opening of the Abbey Theatre in 1904, dedicated to the revival of Irish drama. Museums in the city include the National Gallery of Ireland, The National History Museum and the Hugh Lane Municipal Gallery of Modern Art. [1] Учитель: А теперь возьмите ваши листочки, на которых написаны задания для решения кроссвордов. (кроссворд можно нарисовать как на отдельных листочках, так и на большом ватмане)
Учитель: теперь мы будем просматривать презентацию о достопримечательностях Дублина, а участники групп будут их комментировать предоставленные виды той информацией, которую они нашли на своих листочках. (дополнительно можно дать домашнее задание в котором дети найдут дополнительную информацию по достопримечательностям Дублина) (Демонстрация презентационного материала.)
  Учитель: С именем этого святого в истории Ирландии связанно много мифов. Но для начала прочитайте информацию на следующем листочке.
ST. PATRICK.
The person who was to become St. Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland, was born in Wales about AD 385. His given name was Maewyn, and he almost didn't get the job of bishop of Ireland because he lacked the required scholarship.Far from being a saint, until he was 16, he considered himself a pagan. At that age, he was sold into slavery by a group of Irish marauders that raided his village. During his captivity, he became closer to God. He escaped from slavery after six years and went to Gaul where he studied in the monastery under St. Germain, bishop of Auxerre for a period of twelve years. During his training he became aware that his calling was to convert the pagans to Christianity. His wishes were to return to Ireland, to convert the native pagans to Christianity. But his superiors instead appointed St. Palladius. But two years later, Palladius transferred to Scotland. Patrick, having adopted that Christian name earlier, was then appointed as second bishop to Ireland. Patrick was quite successful at winning converts. And this fact upset the Celtic Druids. Patrick was arrested several times, but escaped each time. He traveled throughout Ireland, establishing monasteries across the country. He also set up schools and churches which would aid him in his conversion of the Irish country to Christianity. His mission in Ireland lasted for thirty years. After that time, Patrick retired to County Down. He died on March 17 in AD 461. That day has been commemorated as St. Patrick's Day ever since. Much Irish folklore surrounds St. Patrick's Day. Not much of it is actually substantiated. Some of this lore includes the belief that Patrick raised people from the dead. He also is said to have given a sermon from a hilltop that drove all the snakes from Ireland. Of course, no snakes were ever native to Ireland, and some people think this is a metaphor for the conversion of the pagans. Though originally a Catholic holy day, St. Patrick's Day has evolved into more of a secular holiday. One traditional icon of the day is the shamrock. And this stems from a more bona fide Irish tale that tells how Patrick used the three-leafed shamrock to explain the Trinity. He used it in his sermons to represent how the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit could all exist as separate elements of the same entity. His followers adopted the custom of wearing a shamrock on his feast day. The St. Patrick's Day custom came to America in 1737. That was the first year St. Patrick's Day was publicly celebrated in this country, in Boston. Today, people celebrate the day with parades, wearing of the green and drinking beer. One reason St. Patrick's Day might have become so popular is that it take place just a few days before the first day of spring. One might say it has become the first green of spring. [2] Учитель: Теперь давайте проверим, как вы поняли текст. Для этого надо ответить на вопросы викторины. QUIZ [3]
1. St. Patrick was born in what country?A. Ireland B. England C. Wales + D. Scotland 2. What was St Patrick’s given name? A. Maewyn + B. Mervin C. Merlin D. Marlon 3. Although Patrick spent his early years as a pagan, he later became noted for being very good at what? A. playing horseshoes B. partying C. converting Irish pagans to Christianity + D. converting Christians back to paganism 4. How long did his Christian mission last in Ireland? A. 10 years B. 20 years C. 27 years D. 30 years + 5. Why was Patrick arrested several times by the Druids? A. He kept converting them to Christianity. + B. He was caught stealing horses. C. He tried to marry the daughter of a Druid. D. He lied about his mission. 6. Which one of the following is not part of the folklore that surrounds St. Patrick? A. He raised people from the dead. B. He drove the snakes from Ireland. C. He used a shamrock to explain the Trinity. D. He was once sold into slavery. + 7. The first time St. Patrick's Day was celebrated in the U.S. was in 1737 in what city? A. New York B. Boston + C. Philadelphia D. Chicago 8. St. Patrick's followers adopted the custom of wearing what on his feast day? A. a shamrock + B. a green bow tie C. a rose D. a rainbow pin 9. Which one of the following is NOT a St. Patrick's Day tradition? A. wearing green B. drinking beer C. having parades D. women asking the men to dance + 10. St. Patrick's Day has become a very popular celebration, especially in America. What is one theory as to why this is true? A. It is a prelude to Easter. B. It occurs just before the first day of spring. + C. In honor of Patrick's many accomplishments D. St. Patrick promoted the drinking of beer. ( вопросы викторины представлены на экране, на листочках у каждой группы) Учитель: Many stories about Patrick are based only on legend. One of the best- known tales tells how he charmed the snakes of Ireland into the sea so they were drowned. According to another legend, Patrick used a three- leaf shamrock to illustrate the idea of the Trinity. Many people believe the shamrock came to be the traditional symbol of Ireland as a result of this legend. Today, Irish Catholics throughout the world celebrate Saint Patrick's Day on his feast day, March 17.[4] Учитель: существует много стихов о клевере-символе праздника. Каждая команда получает по стихотворению. Ваша задача прочитать эти стихи вслух. Оцениваются правильность и выразительность чтения. St. Patrick's Day St. Patrick's Day is here, you see. We'll pick some shamrocks, one, two, and three. We'll count the leaves and look them over, And maybe find a four-leafed clover. I'll sew green buttons on my vest; Green for St. Patrick is the best. I'll wear a green hat, very high, And dance a jig--at least I'll try! Five Little Shamrocks One green shamrock, in the morning dew; Another one sprouted; And then there were two. Two green shamrocks, growing 'neath the tree, Another one sprouted; And then there were three. Three green shamrocks, by the cottage door, Another one sprouted; And then there were four. Four green shamrocks, near a beehive; Another one sprouted; And then there were five. Five little shamrocks, bright and emerald Five little shamrocks, bright and emerald green, Think of all the luck these shamrocks will bring I’m looking over a four leaf clover. I’m looking over a four leaf clover That I overlooked before. One leaf is sunshine, The second is rain, Third is the rose That grows in the lane. No need explaining The one remaining Is somebody I adore. I’m looking over a four leaf clover That I overlooked before Учитель: А теперь я хочу предложить вам веселое занятие. Перед вами в конвертах фрагменты рисунка, соберите как можно больше картинок за 3 минуты. Учитель: В завершении нашего увлекательного путешествия я предлагаю вам создать свою собственную поздравительную открытку с праздником Святого Патрика. (ребятам предлагаются небольшие заготовки которые они самостоятельно вырезают из бумаги и формируют свои открытки с поздравлениями) Используемы источники:
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